8 Track Cartridge

Morton, David: A History of The Eight Track Tape

Amplifier, Leveling

Amplifier, Voltage Controlled (VCA)

THAT Corp: A Brief History of VCA Development

Endless Loop Tape Cartridges

Morton, David: A History of The Eight Track Tape

Loudspeakers, Constant Directivity Horns

c1973 Electro-Voice: "The idea for constant directivity came from John Gilliam and, in particular, Ray Newman, as I recall." Jim Long - Keith Clark Interview

Phonograph
Gramophone
Gram-O-Phone

Edison’s Original Tin-Foil Phonograph
Picture courtesy of U.S. National Park Service
Edison National Historic Site

Brand Names

HUNT-O-PHONIC

Books:
Gelatt, Roland, The Fabulous Phonograph: From Tin Foil to High Fidelity, 1955, J.B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia

Koenigsberg, Allen, Edison Cylinder Records, 1889-1912, 1969, Stellar Productions, New York

Koenigsberg, Allen, The Patent History of the Phonograph 1877-1912, 1990, APM Press, 502 East 17th Street, Brooklyn, NY 11226 U.S.A.
   This source book contains listings of 2,118 U.S. Sound Recording Patents issued to 1,013 inventors. Mr. Koenigsberg singled out 101 of these patents and wrote a detailed commentary on each, illustrated by the inventors’ patent drawings. In addition Mr. Koenigsberg has singled-out the “Top 32 U.S. Phonograph Invention/Design Patents 1877-1912” which could be considered key developments in the early technology.

Marco, Guy A., ed. Encyclopedia of Recorded Sound in the United States, 1993, Garland Publishing, Inc., New York

Millard, Andre, America on Record: A History of Recorded Sound, 1995, Cambridge University Press

Read, Oliver, and Walter L. Welch, From Tin Foil to Stereo: Evolution of the Phonograph, 1959, Howard W. Sams & Co., Inc., Indianapolis

Ranger Tape Recorder

S.I.A.P. Systems for Improved Acoustic Performance

Tape Recording Heads