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Emile Berliner
May 20, 1851 - August 3, 1929
Image du Musée des Ondes Emile Berliner à Montréal
EG & G Optoélectronique
"On July 16th, 1900 Emile Berliner registered the trademark for his company, "Nipper" -the dog listening to a gramophone. The painter,
Francis Barraud created this image which was used for more than 70 years."
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1851 Born in Hanover, Germany.
1870 Moved to United States.
1876 Invented the Carbon Microphone - Patented June 4, 1877.
1877
Joined the American Bell Telephone Company of Boston.
1883 Set up independent lab in Washington, D.C. where research on the Gram-o-phone invention was conducted.
1887
Patented the Flat Record Disk, Production Methods and the Gram-o-phone.
1888
Presented gram-o-phone for the first time at the Franklin Institute of Philadelphia. Commercial recording on zinc platters begins.
1890
Scientific American publishes an illustrated article about the Gram-o-phone.
1893 United States Gramophone Company is founded by Berliner and some of his friends to commercialize the invention.
1895
The Berliner Gramophone Company is founded by Berliner (minority stockholder) and a group of businessmen in Philadelphia. Berliner’s patents were assigned to this new company. An advertising contract is signed with Frank Seaman of New York who founded Seaman National Gramophone.
1896 Eldridge R. Johnson of Camden, New Jersey invented and began manufacturing a wind-up motor for the Berliner Gram-o-phone. 25,000 between 1896 and 1900.
1898
Founded in Germany - Berliner Grammophon Gesellschaft which became (DGG) Deutsche Grammophon Gesellschaft
1900
Seaman National Gramophone negotiated an agreement with American Gramophone and Columbia Phonograph to manufacture the Zonophone. Columbia's lawyer, Phillip Mauro, managed to get an injunction that prohibited Berliner from selling the Gram-o-phone in the United States. [more]
Berliner moves his company to Montreal, Canada.
Eldridge Johnson founds the Consolidated Talking Machine Company and
goes to war with Columbia.
1901 Johnson wins legal battle with Columbia and renames his company to the Victor Talking Machine Company (for victory).
1904
Berliner establishes a recording studio in Montreal.
1908 Berliner invents (probably the first) radial aircraft engine.
1911
Berliner founds in his mother’s name a fellowship to promote women in scientific research.
1919 Berlliner invents a helicopter.
192x Berliner invents acoustical tiles.
1924
Sold Berliner Gram-o-phone Company to Victor Talking Machine Company.
1929 Berliner dies after a heart attack.
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Patents:
*U.S. Patent No. 199,141
, 01/15/1878 (app. 10/16/1877) Improvement in Telephones (class: 379/167.01; 379/391; 381/178) Emile Berliner [abstract] [DjVu258KB]
*U.S. Patent No. 222,652
, 12/16/1879 (app. 04/14 & 06/04/1877) Contact-Telephone (class: 381/178) Emile Berliner [abstract] [DjVu68KB]
*U.S. Patent No. 224,573
, 02/17/1880 (app. 09/05/1879) Microphone (class: 381/180; 381/178; 381/354) Berliner, Emile [abstract] [DjVu78KB]
*U.S. Patent No. 225,790
, 03/23/1880 (app. 11/12/1879) MICROPHONE (class: 381/354; 381/180) Berliner, Emile [abstract] [DjVu69KB]
*U.S. Patent No. 235,120,
12/07/1880 (app. 09/03/1880, no model) PHOTOPHONIC TRANSMITTER. (class: 359/150; 359/180; 381/172) Berliner, Emile [abstract] [DjVu53KB]
*U.S. Patent No. 284,268,
09/04/1883 (app. 04/28/1883, no model) CARPET (class: 428/44; 428/119) Berliner, Emile of Boston, MA [DjVu96KB]
*U.S. Patent No. 372,786
, 11/08/1887 (app. 05/04/1887 and 11/26/1887) GRAMOPHONE. (class: 369/155; 369/277; 369/287) Berliner, Emile [abstract] [DjVu178LB]
*U.S. Patent No. 382,790,
05/15/1888 (app. 03/17/1888, no model, serial 287,565) PROCESS FOR PRODUCING RECORDS OF SOUND. (class: 369/17) Berliner, Emile [DjVu62KB] also see 372,786
*U.S. Patent No. 463,569
, 11/17/1891 (app. 06/04/1877) COMBINED TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE. (class: 381/178) Berliner, Emile of Washington, D.C. (assignee: American Bell Telephone Company of Boston, MA) [DjVu119KB]
*U.S. Patent No. 534,543,
02/19/1895 (app. 03/30/1892, no model, serial 427,060) GRAMOPHONE. (class: 369/153; 181/21; 369/223; 369/288) Berliner, Emile of Washington, D.C. (assignee: United States Gramophone Company of Washington, D.C.) [DjVu350KB]
*U.S. Patent No. 621,316,
03/21/1889 (app. 10/14/1888, serial 693,520, no model) FLOOR-COVERING (class: 442/269; 156/326; 442/281; 442/369; 442/394; D5/53) Berliner, Emile of Washington, D.C. [DjVu71KB]
*U.S. Patent No. 656,162,
08/21/1900 (app. 12/05/1899, serial 739,232, no specimens) FLOOR-COVERING. (class: 428/67; 40/615) Berliner, Emile of Washington, D.C. [DjVu73KB]
*U.S. Patent No. 1,573,475
, 02/16/1926 (app. 08/13/1925, serial 50,125) AUDITORIUM WALL AND THE LIKE. (class: 52/6; 52/144; 52/390; 52/508; D25/158) Berliner, Emile of Washington, D.C. [DjVu67KB]
June 4th 1877 - Carbon Microphone
1887 - Gram-o-phone
Assigned Patents:
*U.S. Patent No. 427,279,
05/06/1890 (app. 08/06/1889, no model, serial 319,866) GRAMOPHONE. (class: 369/158; 369/164) Suess, Werner (assignee: Emile Berliner) [DjVu232KB]
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